A Career Path in Environmental Engineering - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 774 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/02/05 Category Career Essay Level High school Tags: Career Path Essay Did you like this example? Choosing a career path can be challenging at any age, but it is especially important for young adults to choose wisely when it comes time to make decisions regarding the future. When it comes to choosing a career, it is important to research different career paths and narrow down a career option along with planning for the future. Environmental engineering has a demanding job description, requires multiple levels of education, but it has a positive outlook for jobs. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "A Career Path in Environmental Engineering" essay for you Create order The job of an environmental engineer is to research along with planning for the prevention, control, and repairing of environmental endangerments (OwlGuru.com). An environmental engineer can be working on as little to no projects to multiple projects at the same time. These projects could be studying the effect of oil spills on marine life or collecting data and making regular environmental reports. The typical schedule of an environmental engineer revolves around reviewing, updating and maintaining things like plans, reports, permits and operating procedures. Along with those duties they also inspect and investigate industrial and corporate buildings to ensure those companies are following proper environmental regulations. Some engineers have extra jobs included in their regular schedules like training new staff, helping with data collection or general office work. After graduating high school, it is important to not only have a college chosen but also a career to pursue. With most careers comes more years of schooling and environmental engineering is no different. To become an environmental engineer, it takes a minimum of four years of school to get a bachelors in either civil or environmental engineering. Many schools offer bachelor programs, â€Å"bachelor’s programs in environmental engineering usually offer a range of classroom, lab, and field-based components† (Online Engineering Programs). Earning a master’s in environmental engineering takes about two years to complete and although it is not required it will only benefit the future engineer more. Although some companies will hire engineers with only bachelor’s degree, most prefer the engineers to have a masters or higher. After completing college and earning a degree to get an engineering job the graduate should become a licensed engineer. The requirements of getting an engineering license to depend on the state, however, some states require the passing of the Fundamentals of Engineering exam (Online Engineering Programs). By taking this exam the engineers can earn Engineering in Training licenses or Engineering Intern license. Once an engineer is licensed they can go out in the field to study under a Professional Engineer and gain experience in the field. It is recommended to have at least one to four years of experience under a Professional Engineer. While the engineer can stop there, they can continue their schooling to become a Professional Engineer. To become a PE, it takes at least four years and the extra schooling isn’t required. However, it will only benefit them in obtaining higher positions and higher pay. Keeping up with schooling and gaining certifications help build good credentials that companies are looking for when they hire new engineers. After all the training and the education required to become an environmental engineer, it is time to find the perfect job. Luckily the current outlook for employment in environmental engineering is expected to grow 8% from 2016 to 2026 (US Bureau of Labor Statistics) which is considered faster than average. Due to all the recent problems in the environment, environmental engineers will be needed now and in the far future. As said previously, the higher the education that was pursued it will most likely lead to a higher than average position. However, even if an engineer only has a bachelors they are still eligible to move up in their company. The average salary is $86,800 per year which is $41.73 per hour (US Bureau of Labor Statistics). The lowest percentile earned less than $52,160 and the highest percentile earned more than $134,060 (US Bureau of Labor Statistics). Along with the average pay the benefits are usually very generous depending on the company. The benefits include but are not limited health insurance and retirement plans. Some companies will also pay for travel expenses when sent into the field. Not only does the engineer get company benefits but they also get to travel and experience many unique locations. Environmental engineering has a positive outlook for jobs, requires multiple levels of education and a demanding job description. Environmental engineers have demanding schedules and most likely spend more than 40 hours a week doing work. Although the job is demanding, and it takes many years of continu ous schooling the job generates many benefits. The current outlook for employment in environmental engineering is very positive and is increasing faster than average.

Critiqued Essay on Defective Product - 1376 Words

1) Critique the essay and explain, point by point, what is wrong with the essay; and 2) Re-write (salvage) the essay in a style and format that is appropriate for a legal document. Note that this is NOT a research assignment. You need not look up the cases cited. You can assume that the cases cited are at least appropriate for the propositions that they purport to support. The only thing you need to do with regard to the cases is cite them correctly. This story is replete with fascinating facts and the intricacies that are inherent in the facts of the case make for a great story. The baseball bat was broken from the outset when it was bought by the plaintiff. Therefore, the defendant should have to return the baseball bat and pay†¦show more content†¦6. There is not an ending that states WHY the plaintiff is entitled to a refund. This is VERY significant. CRITIQUED ESSAY FACTS: Plaintiff purchased a baseball bat from the Defendant. Plaintiff is claiming that at the time he purchased the baseball bat, the bat was defective. When Plaintiff used the baseball bat for the first time, it shattered upon impact. Plaintiff seeks relief in terms of the purchase price he paid for the baseball bat. ISSUE: Is the Plaintiff entitled to relief in terms of the purchase price he paid for the baseball bat? RULES: U.C.C. Code  § 2-314. Implied Warranty: Merchantability; Usage of Trade †¢(b) in the case of fungible goods, are of fair average quality within the description; and †¢(c) are fit for the ordinary purposes for which such goods are used In the case of DE CALCADOS MARTINI LTDA. v. MAXWELL SHOE CO., 630 N.E.2d 299 Mass. App. Ct. (Mass. App. Ct. 1994), the seller (Plaintiff) filed a claim against the buyer (Defendant) for breach of contract. The Defendant filed a counterclaim for breach of implied warranty of merchantability. The court affirmed a decision for the Plaintiff that the Defendant breached the contract and affirmed the decision for the Defendant’s counterclaim that the Plaintiff had breached its implied warranty of merchantability. The court cited U.C.C.Show MoreRelatedSociety : A Realm Of Doubt2191 Words   |  9 Pagesthe true, underlying intentions of man. â€Å"The arts and habits that make up the specific manners of the gentleman have come to mean little less than cool dexterity in offensiveness in one direction,† Samuel Weller Singer suggests in his work Critical Essay on Hamlet. They are â€Å"balanced by effici ent self-seeking complaisance in the other.† As follows, personality is fashioned and reworked directly by the conscious individual. Hamlet nonetheless contends there is something true and unchanging about theRead MoreAmanda Knox : An American Girl From Seattle3691 Words   |  15 Pagesto run the social classes turning, merchants into capitalists. 3. Allowing slavery in which introduced the idea of aristocrats. 4. Having the stage of primitive communism. He also found private ownerships as well as, private adoption of surplus products in the form to gain profit by a small group of private business owners called the bourgeoisie, caused an up roar too. As tension grew between classes; this forced the two groups to crown into a social revolution; causing socialism and communism toRead MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 PagesTaiwan University. Allan Hansen is Assistant Professor at the Copenhagen Business School. His research interests cover a wide range of issues related to cost and performance management in practice, and he has been focusing on the management of new product development as well as production management and the management of interorganizational relations. Currently, he is exploring the role of constructivism as a practice-based research strategy in management accounting.  ¨ Anthony Hopwood is the Peter

Martin Luther King Jr. vs. Malcolm X - 1263 Words

* Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X are two people on different ends of the scales, with totally different up-bringings. * King was brought up by a rich black family,with a good education, and a good chance at life. He was a black aristocrat, and a wealthy man. * Malcolm X was brought up in the ghetto, and had to learn to defend himself against racist white children. He was deptived of his father, who was found dead, murdered by a white mob. His mother became mentally ill so he was sent to a foster home. * Martin Luther King Jr. was an activist during the Civil Rights Movement, who based his ideology on equality for both black people and white people. King wanted integration in society, and worked alongside such Civil†¦show more content†¦During his seven-year incarceration, Malcolm self-educated and converted to Islam. He joined the religious organization Nation of Islam, led by Elijah Muhammad. By the time he was paroled, Malcolm was a dedicated follower and had leg ally changed his surname from â€Å"Little† to â€Å"X,† because he considered â€Å"Little† a ‘slave’ name (â€Å"About Malcolm X†). The changing of his name marked the beginning of a new era. This era was the time when both X and King would begin to express their opinions on race and equality. Georgetown University’s Keith Miller asserts that Elijah Muhammad, the man to whom X was devoted, taught that the Caucasian society actively worked to keep African-Americans from gaining power and respect and achieving political, economic and social success (â€Å"Malcolm X†). These teachings, asserts Malcolm’s official website, combined with how haunted he was by his childhood explain how the message he preached came to be. Malcolm’s idea of true equality was rebellious, negative and angry. He embraced separatist philosophies and felt that non-violence and integration were tricks that white people promoted to keep blacks i n their place (â€Å"About Malcolm X†). Martin Luther King’s philosophies couldn’t have been more different, according to Long Island University’s Melvin Sylvester. He believed that through hard work, strong leadership and non-violence, blacks could achieve full equality with whites (â€Å"Tribute†). King urged all members of the blackShow MoreRelatedMartin Luther King Jr. vs. Malcolm X997 Words   |  4 PagesMartin Luther King Jr. vs. Malcolm X Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X both fought for the same goal, but had different ways of achieving this goal. They both fought against civil rights and were leaders in the civil rights movement. The way they were brought up is a good explanation for their differences; King was brought up in a wealthy family, while X was raised in the ghetto to a poor family. Both fought against unfair laws, Social Discrimination, and Racial segregation, but theyRead MoreMalcolm X vs. Martin Luther King Jr.1723 Words   |  7 Pagesthis momentous time in United States history. Speeches during this period served as a means to inspire and assemble a specific group of people, for Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X it was the black community that needed to rise up in hopes of achieving equal rights and voting rights for the blacks. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X were two of the most prominent leaders and orators at the heart of the Civil Rights Movement. Although both leaders possessed the same objectives, theirRead MoreMalcolm X Vs. Martin Luther King Jr. Essay1717 Words   |  7 Pagesthis momentous time in United States history. Speeches during this period served as a means to inspire and assemble a specific group of people, for Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X it was the black community that needed to rise up in hopes of achieving equal rights and voting rights for the blacks. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X were two of the most prominent leaders and orators at the heart of the Civil Rights Movement. Although both leaders possessed the same objectives, theirRead MoreEssay about Malcolm X vs Martin Luther King Jr1804 Words   |  8 Pagesopposed civil rights activists Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X. In the 1960’s the African American community became increasingly active in the struggle for civil rights. Although the concept race is an arbitrary societal construct based on the color of an individual’s skin and his or her geographic origin, it has had a profound impact not only on the founding and formation of our country but also the development modern American society. King and Malcolm X are two powerful men in particularRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement712 Words   |  3 Pagesthough the actions taken by Malcolm X were of good intentions, they ended up causing a ripple between African Americans. On the other hand Martin Luther King Jr. identified that if people were going to respond to hatred with more hatred then there will be little chances for change and substance which was never understood by Malcolm. He was, of course, powerful and strong as an Africa American commanding huge followers and believers, but things did not end well as Malcolm X dies in the hand of his ownRead MoreMartin Luther King vs. Malcolm X Essay825 Words   |  4 PagesTwo of the greatest know civil rights speakers in the United States was Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm x. Both of these men had two very different views on what they thought would be the best way for blacks to get equality. Martin Luther King Jr. believed in his main philosophy which was non violent resistance. Martin used the teachings from Ghandi to teach African Americans how to use non violent resistance as a way to earn equality. He also believed that blacks should try to find commonRead MoreEssay Philosophies and Tactics of Dr. King and Malcolm X1492 Words   |  6 Pagesminorities. Among them, Martin Luther King and Malcolm X had an everlasting effect on the treatment of minorities in the United States. Although their philosophies and tactics differed greatly, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X helped shape the Civil Rights Movement and make the United States a better place for people regardless of their race. Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X had different beliefs and goals for the Civil Rights Movement. While Martin Luther King Jr. took a more peacefulRead MoreMartin Luther King Vs Malcolm X1436 Words   |  6 PagesSelene Sandoval Professor Solheim History 108 CRN # 20244 16 October 2016 Martin Luther King VS Malcolm X Ronald Regan once said: â€Å"Freedom is never more than one generation away from extinction. We didn t pass it to our children in the bloodstream. It must be fought for, protected, and handed on for them to do the same.† In fact, American history has had a great deal of leaders that brought change by improving the lives of others. These leaders introduced new ideas, models, and theories toRead MoreCivil War Movement : Martin Luther King Jr Malcolm X1212 Words   |  5 Pages Research paper History 11.21 December 23, 2014 Civil War Movement: Martin Luther King Jr/ Malcolm X Many years after blacks had received citizenship and the right to vote there was still much bias against them. Because of their skin color African Americans hadn’t been treated fairly and did not have the same rights as whites. In theRead MoreA Research on The Civil Rights Movement1448 Words   |  6 PagesMovement (Martin Luther King Jr. Vs Malcolm X) and will be focusing on two important icons that have an important part of African American History. I am going to further discuss in this research paper, â€Å"What were the views of Martin Luther King. Jr and Malcolm X during the Civil Rights movement? What were their goals and methods to achieve equality and peace?† Both leaders wanted to unite the black race with the white race and achieve equal rights. Martin Luther King. Jr and Malcolm X were both very

Aggregate Planning Essay 2 - 2460 Words

Aggregate Planning Aggregate Planning Aggregate planning is essentially a big-picture approach to planning. It is intermediate-range capacity planning that typically covers a time horizon of two to twelve months, although in some companies it may extend to as much as eighteen months. Aggregate planning is also sometimes known as sales and operations planning. Sales and operations planning is the intermediate-range decisions to balance supply and demand, integrating financial and operations planning. It is hard for organizations to predict the exact quantity and timing of demands for specific products and services in advance. In order to assess their capacity needs and costs months in advance in order to handle the demand, aggregate†¦show more content†¦By subcontracting work to an alternative source, additional capacity is temporarily obtained (2006). As an alternative to subcontracting, an organization may consider outsourcing whereas; they contract with another organization to supply some po rtion of the goods or services on a regular basis. There are a number of options aggregate planners can consider for achieving a balance of demand and capacity. With these options, there are a number of strategies aggregate planners might use to give the demand forecast for each period in the planning horizon, determine the production level, inventory level, and the capacity level for each period that maximizes the firm’s supply chain’s profit over the planning horizon. Strategies There are two main strategies aggregate planners can choose from. The first is a level capacity strategy. Under a level capacity strategy, variations in demand are met by using some combination of inventories, overtime, part-time workers, subcontracting, and back-orders while maintaining a steady rate of output. The firm maintains a level workforce and a steady rate of output when demand is somewhat low. In order to help maintain a constant level of output and still satisfy varying demand, an organization may sometime resort to a combination of subcontracting, backlogging, and use of inventoriesShow MoreRelatedDemand Side Factors For The House Prices1493 Words   |  6 Pages 2009) In real estate economics and general economics, there are two main principles that are present in all the fundamental models and concept; demand and supply. In this essay, we will be identifying various factors from the demand side as well as the supply side and the extent to which these factors affect house prices. 2. Demand Demand in the property sector can be defined as the quantity of space or number of units demanded at various prices (Jowsey E., 2011). The fundamental principle ofRead MoreStrategies For Developing And Implementing A Strategy1286 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract This essay is on strategy and various challenges that an organization has to face in the process of developing and implementing a strategy. It is also explained how organizations have to come up with different strategies for different levels in the organization and how companies in the past have suffered because of inadequate strategies. Introduction With the start of twenty first century organizations have been facing the uncertainties of many different shapes: rapid globalization,Read MoreRt3Apjfpajpofjpoajfasda2811 Words   |  12 PagesChapter 13 Aggregate Planning True / False Questions 1. Aggregate planning is intermediate-range capacity planning that typically covers a time horizon of one to three months. FALSE Difficulty: Medium TLO: 1 Taxonomy: Knowledge 2. The goal of aggregate planning is to achieve a production plan that attempts to balance the organizations resources and meet expected demand. TRUE Difficulty: Easy TLO: 1 Taxonomy: Knowledge 3. Aggregate planners are concernedRead MorePublic Financial Management ( Pfm ) Of Developing Countries1475 Words   |  6 Pages Cumulative deficit, payment delay, operational corruption, and other fiscal problems. 2. Increase of General budget support and the need of increasing accountability of receiving countries to reduce fiduciary risk. 3. Generalising of New Public Management. Due to the three reasons above, especially to deal with the fiduciary risk, various evaluation method had been created since 1997 (Ueno 2009). This essay focuses on Myanmar’s PFM where massive political and economic change occurred due to theRead MoreThe European Central Bank As A Programme Of Quantitative Easing1716 Words   |  7 Pagesthe euro area. In order to maintain price stability, the Eurosystem undertakes the necessary economic and monetary analyses and adopts and implements appropriate policies in order to respond to monetary and financial developments (ECB, 2015e). This essay will a nalyse the possible impacts of quantitative easing (QE), recently introduced by the European Central Bank. Firstly, I will look at the European Central Bank’s use of interest rates in controlling the growth of the economy. Secondly, I will lookRead MoreMalcolm Gladwell on Politics through Social Media909 Words   |  4 PagesThank you Dean Christy Hanson, the Institute for Global Citizenship, planning committee, fellow panelists, and distinguished guest Malcolm Gladwell for coming together for the 2014 International Round Table. A panel to discuss the grounding roots of ‘effective revolutions’ in no way feels revolutionary at Macalester. As an institution founded on a pillar of civic engagement, we protest, we gather and we surrender ourselves, our time and our labor to causes that we support. But at Macalester it oftenRead MoreAnalysis Of Fatigue Crack Propagation Of A Steel Catenary Riser1389 Words   |  6 PagesRISER (SCR) AT THE TOUCHDOWN ZONE (TDZ). INTRODUCTION 1. Project Overview 1.1. Background Consumption energy since the 1950s has been in a progressive upsurge in the world. Fossil fuels like oil, natural gases, and coal nevertheless has the aggregate of 80% of the world’s energy consumption despite the fact that there’s has a diminution in some renewable energy resources, cons considering the number of inventions and creativities. In the late 2000s, the speed growth in price of crude oil is aRead MoreAudit Risks and Materiality Sample Questions4444 Words   |  18 Pagesis inadequate, because of worsening economic conditions. c. Fourth quarter payroll taxes were not paid. d. The client changed its capitalization policy for small tools in 2002. ANSWER: D 2. The element of the audit planning process most likely to be agreed upon with the client before implementation of the audit strategy is the determination of the a. Timing of inventory observation procedures to be performed. Read MoreStrategic Human Resource Management Practices2365 Words   |  10 Pagesstakeholder expectations. (Johnson, G and Scholes, K 1993. Exploring corporate strategy, prentice hall, Hemel Hempstead. BOOK, Human resource management practice). HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: Human resource management is an action which involves hiring, planning personal needs, resolving of disputes between employees, managing salaries and wages, staff training and performance evaluation. IMPORTANCE OF HRM IN TARMAC: For tarmac HRM is important because of the fact that it beingRead MoreRico Act Essay1541 Words   |  7 PagesThe RICO Act has been an important component in addressing organized and white collar crime. Write a five page (double-spaced) essay that summarizes the RICO Act and its impact on organized and white collar crime. Be sure to support your thoughts with information from our readings. Rico Act Essay The term â€Å"Rico Act† stands for the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO) Act, Codified as chapter 96, Title 18, of the United States Code which was passed by Congress in 1970. The purpose

AS Music Baroque Ensemble Music free essay sample

Later composers n the Classical era preferred to use the Italian spelling of the word, rondo. Repetition in Baroque music was Important for composers and audiences, because composers of the Baroque era often wrote vast amounts of music as part of their employment, so were almost forced to adopt such time saving methods. Audiences of the Baroque era also were not able to fast forward, rewind or replay parts of music like we can today, so repetition allowed the audience to stay on track, and not lose the plot of the piece. 2.The binary form In Baroque music: describe the structure and comment on analogy as would occur In the different sections: A vast amount of Baroque pieces, especially ones based on dances, are in binary form, which is music where there are two distinctly separate sections, each usually repeated. The letters ABA are often used to describe binary form in music. The two sections might be similar in length, or the second might be longer than the first. In binary form, section A usually begins in the tonic key, and then ends In another key, often the dominant, or if the starting key Is minor, for Instance, section A might end In Its relative major.Section B, however, usually goes through keys not previously heard In the piece, and then ends In the tonic key. 3. Compare and contrast Baroque instrumental music with that of the Renaissance : Instrumental music was much more important and plentiful in the Baroque period than it had previously been, when the majority of music was vocal. The improved instrument technology helped, and allowed and encouraged composers to develop genuinely Instrumental ways of writing. Much of the Renaissance period music was written for voices only, and some Renaissance style USIA for Instruments Is very vocal In Its character. The more vocal styles of Renaissance music, contrasting with the instrumental music of the Baroque period is the main difference between the two. 4. In paragraphs of approximately 75 words summaries information on the following Baroque instrumental families: ; Strings Woodwind Brass Keyboard Strings: The first Violins, Violas and Cellos were made in Italy in the late 16th century. For some time, these instruments, called the Violin family, were used alongside instruments from the Viol family, but gradually overtook them in popularity.The Baroque bow was straight or arch shaped rather than inward curving as today, the bridge was marginally lower, and Its curve shallower, which In turn made multiple bridge, therefore put the strings at a lower tension, making the sound less powerful. Nodding: Recorders were heavily used throughout the Baroque period, the most commonly used type being f alto (treble). Recorders fell out of use after the Baroque period, coming back into use in the late 2 0th century. Baroque flutes were normally made out of wood, with finger holes and Just one key for a hard to reach bass note. TheNode flutes lacked some of the sound quality of modern metal ones; they could not reach such high notes, and were held sideways. Oboe players produced sound, the same as they still do to this day, by blowing between two reeds. The Baroque oboe developed from the Shawn, a more powerful, even harsh instrument, which was often played outdoors. In some Baroque pieces, oboes doubled (played the same parts as) violins, but they sometimes had solo roles. Brass: rumples in Baroque music were often connected with royal and military ceremonies, and were therefore regarded as a special instrument.They had no elves, so different notes were played by the musician using different lip pressures. Early brass instruments without valves are called natural. Trombones were largely favored in Venice in the early sasss, mainly in ceremonial music for performance in church. Baroque trombones were less powerful than modern ones, so could therefore be better combined with softer instruments. To distinguish modern from Baroque instruments, the latter are mainly known as sackbuts, or sackbuts. Horns are found in some later Baroque pieces, including Bachs Brandenburg concerto No. Inch includes a horn called corn ad acacia, (Italian for hunting horn). The corona ad acacia shared the rounded shape of the modern horn, but lacked valves and had a lighter, brighter sound, and was often used in high pitched sections of pieces. Keyboard: Harpsichords are keyboard instruments which have strings that are mechanically plucked when the keys are pressed. Harpsichords from the Baroque period vary in tone and construction from country to country. Clavichords are keyboard instruments that have strings which are hit by tangents when the keys, which have a seesaw like action, are pressed.In the Baroque period, Clavichords were used mainly in Germany. They had a quiet sound, which therefore made them inappropriate for use at big public concerts, but ideal for making music at home. Unlike Harpsichords, Clavichords were touch sensitive, and in this way, along with the hammer sound production, they were like modern pianos. Organs varied vastly in their size, construction and tone. German organs commonly had two or more manuals and pedals. English organs, on the other hand, normally had no pedals and rarely more Han one manual. . What is meant by reiteration? Reiteration form is the form that many late Baroque pieces, especially those from concertos, are in. The form is similar to Rounded, but more sophisticated. An opening passage is heard on two or more occasions throughout the piece, but not always necessarily in full, with other passages in between. These so called in between passages, sometimes a lot longer than the riotousness, are called episodes and are often for fewer instruments. A reiteration can also be an instrumental passage within vocal piece. 6.Describe briefly the structure off typical Baroque suite: There is no following dances, in this order: ; Allemande: usually moderate speed or fairly slow, in 4/4 time, with a short upbeat and plenty of gentle semiquaver movement. ; Accurate: quick or fairly quick, in 3/4 or 3/2 Serenade: slow triple time, usually 3/4, often with the second beat of the bar emphasizes. ; Segue; quick and lively, usually in a compound time such as 12/8 Explain how Baroque composers would expand on the dances that would appear in a suite. What changes would they bring into their music?Dances are generally in binary form, but composers sometimes extended their work in one of the following Nays: ; Two dances of the same kind (both binary) appear in the order first dance, second dance, first dance repeated, producing a kind of ternary (ABA) structure. ; Two versions of a single dance are given, the first plain, the second with much mor e ornamentation added. Some modern performers play the plain dance complete, with both sections repeated and then the double similarly. Baroque composers may have sometimes played either the plain dance or the double, not both.

Employment Relations in China

Question: Discuss about the Employment Relations in China. Answer: Introduction: Employment relations generally mean the relationship that exists between the two parties known as employers and the employees. It is a legal link which exists when an individual performs a set of work allocated to him/her under specific situations and in exchange for that he/she gets certain remuneration. Basically, employers and employees are the two key factors that interact and communicate in employment relations, whether directly or indirectly. However, there is one more important member that plays an efficient role in the employment relations and that is known as the State. The State is not a single regulatory body, but many agencies and institutions are there which comes under the State and designed to perform different roles and duties (Shao, Nyland, Zhu, 2011). In general, the State belongs to an open system and is a very powerful source. The State is the name given in short, to describe the interactions and regulations of all the agencies that come under the government to c arry out its functions including the judiciary, the civil service, the military, other government bodies, and the employment agencies such as the Advisory, Conciliation, and Arbitration Service, in short termed as ACAS. As it is discussed earlier that the State is not a single performer, but it is comprised of many governments and employment agencies, it influences the employment relationship in many different ways. It participates in the making of law and legal bindings and its enforcement in various areas of an employment relationship (Wailes, 2008). China is a country that is not fully developed but is developing with an average population and plays a significant role in influencing the global economy of the world. It has been seen as an emerging superpower, which has the ability to compete with many of the worlds highly advanced and developed countries in the market place. It also embraces the elements and characteristics of a free market economy, which means that it has a few restrictions of government over the market. However, the current structure of employment relationship with the country of China specifically includes the features like tough working conditions, under development in the law s of employment, migrant labor, high turnover of the employee, and weakened the rights of employees. This structure of China is so much influenced by the process of Globalization and the succession of China in World Trade Organization. The State has the major role to play in the dynamics of the employment relationships in China, and it affects both the ways, i.e. positive and negative to the employment relations (Wong, 2008). There are various laws and contract designed by the state keeping in mind the employment relationship of employers and employees. These laws and contract help in making the place of work free of disputes and determining equal rights of the individuals who work for a company. It helps in maintaining a better relationship between them and improves and stabilize the situations of the labors giving them certain benefits which they deserve. Fair pay and the equal distribution of remuneration influences the workers to work actively for the betterment of the employer to achieve the common purpose of the organization (Scott, 2000). Hence, it leads to the development of the work structure of the companies and the economic growth of the country. China has made remarkable progress with the introduction of the concept of collective bargaining. This is a very old concept introduced in 1990s, but with the effect and consideration of Labor Contract Law by the state, this power maintained its balanc e in the employment relations. It provides almost equal rights to both the parties to have influence and keep their point of consideration over each other when it comes to negotiation, which proves to be beneficial in providing a fair and equal opportunity to everyone who relates to this category (Chan Hui, 2013). Earlier in 1960s, there were no laws that administer the employment relations in China. However, it was the first country to introduce the Trade Union Law and Labor Law in the country. The norms and regulations of the new laws then introduced created provisions for labor dispute settlement and provided meaningful security to the workers engaged in such activities. It centered its attention in creating balance through a pluralistic system of politics by producing solutions to the problems. The party state in the country made an attempt to aggregate stake holders interests with the help of its associations (Howell, 2015). Therefore, the balance in all of these factors led to the development of the industrial relations which is quite a strength when it comes to employment relations. The trade unions of China are constituted under the All-China Federation of Trade Unions, in short pronounced as ACFTU. It is known as the largest trade union amongst the whole world and comprised of various regional federations and industrial unions of national level. The State has set up fair and effective laws for unions, which resulted in the expansion and growth of trade union organization. The rework on trade union laws provided decisions for organizing workers who are migrant which accelerated the growth rate in the trade union membership (Cathy Walker, 2013). Systematic arrangement and organizing migrant workers create various opportunities for the expansion of their area of influence and the new methods of collective bargaining. The State decided to focus more on maintaining harmonious and peaceful society and cent ered its laws to protect the people more than anything else. This kind of system provides equal opportunities for the workers and encourages trust and confidence among them. It helps in the undisturbed settlement of labor disputes and encourages the peace and harmony in the workplace which is of utmost importance for the country as well as the trade unions. It promotes economic and industrial growth and due to legal bindings and restrictions and the penalties imposed, people are likely to solve small problems by themselves without any conflicts (Greenfield, 2004). There has been a rise in the conflicts between the workers over the last few years. The major causes of disputes include compensation, remuneration, labor insurance, and other welfare schemes. This has put the legal framework of the State in question as to whether the kind of contractual and legal regulations are working to create benefits and protection to workers or it is just increasing the rate of conflicts among the workers and labors (Cooke, 2008). It also has been noted by the kind of settlements that the employers and organizations are increasingly violating the legal rights for employees. Hence, it has become the greatest weakness on the part of the State as it adversely affects the work structure and economic stability. It also indicates that the market reforms and economic alterations have triggered increased problems and conflicts between labor and management (Chen Tang, 2013). The establishment and implementation of Labor Contract System in the country of China does not meet its expected standards of effectiveness in relation to regulate employment. The demand for labor in China exceeded its supply, thus affecting the bargaining power of workers. There also has been seen some inadequacies and ambiguities in the contract system which provide the employers with unnecessary rights to abuse the benefits of employees (Lin, 2016). The failure of local government to execute appropriate inspections seems to be a flaw on the part the government. The emergence of this system tends to enhance the labor costs and remuneration as it emphasizes more on the rights of employees and labor. It threatens the recruitment of graduates and peasant workers as the Labor law provides more emphasis on labor protection. The enterprises and organizations prefer to take highly qualified and educated workers rather than taking immediate graduates or fresher in order to minimize the labor costs which has increased after the implementation of Labor Contract System. It maximizes the difficulty of searching jobs for an average qualified individuals, and the contract system makes the job short-term, thus, resulting in the problems of job security (Vriesacker Mortelmans, 2015). After the implementation of government laws and regulations, the small and medium-sized enterprises fear their survival as the costs are high which threatens the s urvival and growth of small organizations. The new law focuses more on the safety and protection of employees, which creates more pressure on the employers regarding labor-related problems which adversely affect the enterprise on the whole. It creates an unfair and unequal environment, some taking more of the advantages of the new rules by the state while some others are bearing the consequences of the same (Cooke, 2005). According to the law, it is necessary for the companies to pay for overtime by the workers, which also affects both the parties in different ways. A wide increase in the number of protests and campaigns has been marked performed in different ways by different people. Even though there are various laws and regulations made by the government under labor contract law and trade union law, people dont make correct use of legal terminology instead they take steps for collective and mass protests in various forms such as hunger strikes, committing suicide, work stoppage, rallies, killing of employer, etc. (Stackel, 2010). These kinds of action today in China exists a lot and are of voluntary in nature. The reason for these protests may vary, but the instances of their occurrences have increased comparatively and it should be managed appropriately as it adversely affects the economic development and the work culture of the economy. The State plays the primary and the most important role in the process of globalization. It creates interdependence and an imbalance of power as the countries differ in their economic and political strengths . There has been a negative impact of globalization on the employment relations in China. It has changed the corporate structure and culture of the country (Regina Chen, 2004). Earlier, in Chinese organizations, the corporate culture was associated with the basic norms of loyalty and trust which due to the impact of globalization has changed to the values and principles of ones own competitiveness and individualism within enterprises. Joint ventures also have a major role to play in the transformation of the culture in the corporate sector. The practice of appointment of managers from overseas and foreign countries also tends to change the work environment within organizations as they introduce their own work policies and methods into the workplace which transforms the work culture (Frenkel Kuruvilla, 2002). The employment relation system in China is actually a system of labor administration. It appears as the reforms and transitions in the market creates tremendous pressure on the employment relations in China. The country basically adopts a socialist system and is a state dominated structure. The debate among the scholars is still going on about the choice of employment relations system. Some scholars favor the corporatist system of employment relations as according to them Chinas market reforms are easier to convert into a corporatist structure while some others favor the pluralistic form of structure considering the geographic boundary and the diversification in its culture across different regions (Adler Mittelman, 2004). Chinas party-state laws and regulations seem to provide advantages and disadvantages simultaneously. 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